I encourage anyone interested in Aragonese to post resources, and don't let my pseudo-organised post with headers prevent you from posting whatever you want, in any order you want.
What is Aragonese?
Aragonese is an Iberian-Romance language spoken in the autonomous community of Aragon, in Spain. Following the Reconquista, Aragonese reached its peak geographical extension in the Middle Ages. It was spoken as the normal language in most of Aragon. It was one of the official languages of the Crown of Aragon, used for administrative and literary purposes.
Today Aragonese is spoken mostly in the far north, rural Pyrenees regions of Aragon. But there is a small, vigorous community of neospeakers in the biggest urban centres, Zaragoza and Huesca. Aragonese is an endangered language, spoken by <10,000 people.
Information to keep in mind for the learner
Aragonese has no standard dialect that's accepted by the whole community, nor does it have a standard orthography that is accepted by the whole community. There are three or four used by different organisations.
There's no natural dialect that is considered more correct or better than any other. There's no dialect that is especially esteemed by anyone outside of the specific locality where it's spoken. For the learner the most direct consequence means that it's a free for all. Choose a dialect depending on whatever reason you feel like. In purely numerical terms, the majority of speakers speak one of the Ribagorzan dialects.
Aragonese is in a diglossic situation. Most speakers only use the language within their family and with people they know. As a visiting language learner, you might not always be able to speak or hear Aragonese as much as you want to.
Almost all of the information on Aragonese is in Spanish. You need to be able to read Spanish.
Media
Charrín Charrán - 25 min long TV programme in Aragonese. First of its kind on Aragonese public television. Episode every Sunday at 10.00 am. All episodes available on the linked website. Parts are also uploaded on its YT channel. Definitely watch the grammar lessons, they're excellent.
Ansotano dialect
Grammars
L'Ansotano: estudio del habla del Valle de Ansó (2001) - María Pilar Benítez Marco
Chistabín dialect
Literature
Santamaría (2007) - Nieus-Luzía Dueso Lascorz
Dictionaries
Fraseología en Chistabín. Dizionario de refranes, modismos, locuciones y frases hechas en aragonés de la bal de chistau (2008) - Fernando Blas Gabarda, Fernando Romanos Hernando. See preview here.
Baixo Ribagorzano dialect(s)
Dictionaries
Aragonés ribagorzano d’Estadilla dende a obra de Cleto Torrodellas y Pablo Recio (2009) - Fernando Romanos Hernando
Benasqués dialect
Grammars
Elementos de fonética y morfosintaxis benasquesas (2003) - José Antonio Saura Rami. See preview here.
Dictionaries
Benasqués Dictionary - finicky multilingual online dictionary. The random word feature doesn't work and the definitions themselves are all in Spanish (boooooo) but interestingly and usefully there are lots of examples (without translation) in Benasquese. The interface needs an update but it seems to be abandoned.
For example if you look up the word for flower:
fllo
f. Conjunto de los órganos de reproducción de ciertas plantas. Lo mejor de una cosa. C. flor; ar. flor; ct. flor; f. fleur. «Ta máyo y chúnio, yey filos per tot», «Per la montáña se tróben filos mol májes», «Les filos de la montáña chéten mes buéna uló ke les deis chardíns», «Yére la filo del llugá akélla moséta», «Ye a la filo de la edát», «Sáka sólo la filo de la farína», «Le fa goy chetá filos a les mosétes». Modos adverbiales: «Se le bedébe la púncha a filo de pell», «Yére enterráu a filo de térra».