I still have a hard time following free-form podcasts that aren't in English, so most of mine tend to be documentaries or history series that have a linear narrative. Currently these are:
FrenchAu coeur de l'histoire - Always entertaining and informative
Avant demain - Discussions on the innovations that are transforming the world.
ItalianStoria d'Italia - Currently on the final days of the Goths in Italy
Lezioni e Conferenze di Storia di Alessandro Barbero - A series of lectures by Italy's rockstar medieval historian. (editorial note: I wish the US treated academics like rock stars)
Just added:
Veleno, per Neurotip's recommendation.
SpanishLa Historia de España - New, only 17 episodes. Transcripts are available if you donate on patreon. Currently on the reign of the Visigoths.
DocumentosAsí Como Suena - Investigative journalism out of Mexico
Just added:
El Quijote del siglo XXI - A dramatization based on a book by Julio Llamazares. The available episodes start with Quijote's third adventure.
iTunes charts is a good resource for searching for new podcasts; they list the top podcasts each week in nine countries.