Those/These: 'Esos, esas, estos and estas' Confusion

General discussion about learning languages
WalkingSadlyMan
Posts: 1
Joined: Tue May 04, 2021 12:59 am
Languages: Moderate Spanish and English

Those/These: 'Esos, esas, estos and estas' Confusion

Postby WalkingSadlyMan » Tue May 04, 2021 2:21 am

Hi! I hope everyone is well.

I am new to learning Spanish, I have been studying this language for about a month and it is still not going as well as I would like. For this reason, I have been looking for apps and online tools to improve, I found a very interesting game, it is called REDACTED and it has helped me concerning my vocabulary and pronunciation, the game gave me one of the tests a question that confused and me I would love a clear explanation about the use of: those, those, these and these.

This type of terminology always confuses me and in addition to helping me with my progress, they would be helping me to earn points in REDACTED and allow me to unlock more advanced aspects of the language.

Thanks for reading and I hope you can explain the use of those articles to me.

Screenshot of the test here: REDACTED BY ADMIN
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alexkelbo
Orange Belt
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Joined: Sun Apr 24, 2016 10:42 pm
Location: Germany
Languages: German (N), English (C1), Spanish, Mandarin
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Re: Those/These: 'Esos, esas, estos and estas' Confusion

Postby alexkelbo » Tue May 04, 2021 10:39 am

I assume you know that Spanish has masculine and feminine genders.
El bocadillo is masculine, la escuela is feminine.

That where the endings -os and -as come from.
So "estos" means "these" (masculine) and "estas" means "these" (feminine): estos bocadillos, estas escuelas.

The second distinction has to do with where the things you talk about are located spatially relative to the speaker and the listener.

Este/esta: the thing is close to both the speaker and the listener.
Ese/esa: the thing may be close to the listener, but further away from the speaker.
Aquel/aquella: the thing is further away from both the speaker and the listener.

Estos bocadillos = These here sandwiches.
Esos bocadillos = Those sandwiches.
Aquellos bocadillos = Those sandwiches way over there.
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